First final assignment

*The OECD privacy Guidelines*

1. Collection Limitation.There should be limits to the collection of personal data and any such data should be obtained by lawful and fair means and, where appropriate, with the knowledge or consent of the data subject.
2. Data quality principle. Personal data should be relevant to the purposes for which they are to be used, and, to the extent necessary for those purposes, should be accurate, complete and kept up-to-date.
3. Purpose specification. The purposes for which personal data are collected should be specified not later than at the time of data collection and the subsequent use limited to the fulfilment of those purposes or such others as are not incompatible with those purposes and as are specified on each occasion of change of purpose.
4. Use limitation principle. Personal data should not be disclosed, made available or otherwise used for purposes other than those specified in accordance with Paragraph 9 except:

   (a) with the consent of the data subject; or

   (b) by the authority of law.

5. Security safeguards principle. Personal data should be protected by reasonable security safeguards against such risks as loss or unauthorized access, destruction, use, modification or disclosure of data.
6. Openness principle. There should be a general policy of openness about developments, practices and policies with respect to personal data. Means should be readily available of establishing the existence and nature of personal data, and the main purposes of their use, as well as the identity about usual residence of the data controller.
7. Individual participation principle. An individual should have the right:

   (a) to obtain from a data controller, or otherwise, confirmation of whether or not the data controller has data relating to him;

   (b) to have communicated to him, data relating to him

   1. within a reasonable time;
   2. at a charge, if any, that is not excessive;
   3. in a reasonable manner; and
   4. in a form that is readily intelligible to him;

   ( c) to be given reasons if a request made under subparagraphs (a) and (b) is denied, and to be able to challenge such denial; and

   (d) to challenge data relating to him and, if the challenge is successful, to have the data erased; rectified, completed or amended.

8. Accountability principle. A data controller should be accountable for complying with measures which give effect to the principles stated above.

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Privacy protectedin Law?

Privacy is a fundamental human right. It underpins human dignity and other values such as freedom of association and freedom of speech. It has become one of the most important human rights of the modern age. Here we review this essential human right.

At the same time, the states have exercised their strong interest in protecting their citizens as consumers, patients, students and participants in civic life. Some states have enacted protections beyond those provided in national law; others offer more limited protection.

Legal protection for privacy varies from state to state. If you have specific questions about your privacy protection at the state level, a resource you may find useful is Compilation of State & Federal Privacy Laws, published by Robert Ellis Smith. The publication contains a wealth of information about state and federal laws directed at protecting your privacy. It may also be useful to contact your state attorney general.

Last activity in Midterm

Privacy?
Privacy is sometimes related to anonymity, the wish to remain unnoticed or unidentified in the public realm. When something is private to a person, it usually means there is something within them that is considered inherently special or personally sensitive. The degree to which private information is exposed therefore depends on how the public will receive this information, which differs between places and over time.Privacy may be voluntarily sacrificed, normally in exchange for perceived benefits and very often with specific dangers and losses, although this is a very strategic view of human relationships. Academics who are economists, evolutionary theorists, and research psychologists describe revealing privacy as a 'voluntary sacrifice', where sweepstakes or competitions are involved. In the business world, a person may give personal details (often for advertising purposes) in order to enter a gamble of winning a prize. Information which is voluntarily shared and is later stolen or misused can lead to identity theft.